Arthrosis - A disease that has developed over many years with a predominant damage to certain joints.Most of the time, painful changes affect large joints - knee, hip, shoulder, etc.Pain and difficulty in moving in them complicates a person's life in a physical and emotional plane, and taking into account the fact that arthrosis is often found at an early age, can intervene in achieving professional and personal goals.This is why it is important to diagnose the disease as soon as possible and to start the complex treatment of arthrosis.
Treatment of arthrosis
In the early stage of arthrosis, conservative methods that do not involve surgery are used.Meanwhile, method methods used allow to suspend the development of the disease, maintain motor activity, reduce the severity of the main symptoms of arthrosis and generally improve human quality.
- Drug treatment
Drug used groups
- NSAIDS;
- GKS;
- Condropoprotectors.
- PRP Therapy
- Medical Physical Education
- Massage and Manual Therapy
- Extension Therapy (traction)
- Physiotherapy
Physiotherapy methods widely used for arthrosis:
- Magnetotherapy;
- UHF;
- Inductothermia;
- Ultrasound therapy;
- Balneotherapy;
- Surgical treatment.
Drug arthrosis treatment
Among patients, it is common for the use of drugs with analgesic effect (orally in the form of compresses or injectively - intramuscularly) is the most important method of removing pain in arthrosis.In fact, the use of medicines is a quick pain relief method, which should be prescribed only in the acute period.The fact is that drugs widely prescribed for these goals have serious side effects that intensify with prolonged intake and especially with untt controlled intake.We are talking about undesirable effects of digestive, cardiovascular nerve systems, which with high probability can lead the patient to a hospital bed (gastric bleeding, heart rhythm disorders, liver and kidney effects, etc.).
Anti -non -inflammatory drugs -esteroids
Used drug groups:
Aine -Anti -Inflammatories non -esteroids, many of them are released without a prescription and are widely accepted by patients on their own.This group includes medicines of various chemical structures, the most famous of these is Diclofenac, Indomethacin, Nenproxen (Classic NSAIDS), most modern for Meloxicam, Nimesulida, Cetorolac.Listed medications have a pronounced anti -inflammatory and analgesic effect, reduces adjacent joint and muscle tissue pain, but do not affect the development of the disease.They are used only to reduce symptoms at all stages of the disease.Effective with concomitant synovitis (fluid accumulation in the joint).
GKS - Drugs of glucocosteroids (hydrocortisone, trimcinone, betamethasone) have the anti -inflammatory effects and stronger painkillers.It is advisable and effective for its percentage introduction.However, patients usually relate negatively to the use of these drugs in treatment, which is associated with possible side effects: they are infectious complications, deterioration of ligaments, joint surface and cartilage degeneration.But with the peri -human risk of these complications, the risk of these complications is minimal.
Chondoprotectors - Glucosamine and chondroitin are natural components of cartilage, which, when administered orally, contribute to the gradual restoration of the cartilage, normalize their density and elasticity.These active components are usually used in the complex, are part of various medications and auxiliary products.CondoProtectors do not have a fast analgesic effect, improvement develops with prolonged use of drugs based on them, which is associated with partial restoration of cartilage.Recommended at all stages of the disease.
PRP Therapy
One of the most modern methods of recovery medicine, which is used for sports lesions and joint-discropic diseases of the joints, is PRP (PLASMA PLASMA PLATES) or plase mobravitization, autoplasmic therapy.
The essence of the procedure It consists of the introduction of platelet enriched plasma, directly at the place of damage, in this case in the joint.The drug for administration is obtained from the patient's own blood, so the method is considered not only highly effective, but also safe for humans.Growth factors and other biologically active substances (serotonin, bradykinine, prostaglandins, etc.) contained in thrombocyte -enriched thrombocuss, contribute to the activation of regeneration processes and synthesis of their own basic substances.
The resulting plasma, enriched with platelets, is introduced percentage and directly into the affected joint, due to which a partial restoration of the tissues is achieved - especially the cartilage.
The methodology in 1-2 stages of osteoarthritis is more applicable.It shows good results and allows you to delay the rapid development of the disease due to the release of growth factors by platelets.The method is relatively new, but proved its high efficiency.PRP therapy was first used in surgery, today the technique is successfully used in many areas of medicine, including rheumatology and orthopedics, neurology and cosmetology.The realization of autoplasmic therapy allows to increase the functioning of the joint without any other aggressive intervention.
Synovial fluid steps - A group of hyaluronic acid -based drugs, which are introduced directly into the joint cavity (injection) and play the role of a knitting lubricant fluid in the case when natural synovial liquid is almost completely absent (provides the role of lubrication of joint surfaces).They are used in the late stages of arthrosis.
The medical remedies of this group are also called "synovial liquid prostheses", "biological substitutes for synovial fluid".The effect after administration of medicines is long - from 6 to 13 months, depending on the medical product used.
Some are used Other Drug Groups - Antispasmodic, muscle relaxants, group B vitamins in therapeutic (high) dosages, but they all have only auxiliary value in the treatment of arthrosis.
Medical Physical Education
Special therapeutic gymnastics exercises can and should be used even during exacerbation at all stages of arthrosis.Such measures can reduce pain and prevent pronounced restrictions on joint movement.However, among patients with arthrosis, the method is unpopular, as most of them are wrong, believing that with pain, it is necessary to limit any movements.The timely onset of physical exercises, on the contrary, contributes to faster recovery and decreased symptoms, especially pain.
Particularly effective physiotherapy exercises in water, joint movements in the unloading position (lying down, sitting in a suspended position), walking moderate on a flat surface.If necessary, for example, with a pronounced pain syndrome, a special dressing can be imposed on the joint, but you need to start physical education as soon as possible.
Massage and Manual Therapy
Methods of mechanical effects on the joint, muscles and ligament appliances allow you to reduce pain severity, increase mobility, improve blood circulation and metabolism in the area of affected joints, relieve muscle spasm, normalize muscle function.
Extension Therapy (traction)
In a medical hospital or sanatorium, traction therapy is possible - this is a joint traffic (hip, knee) according to a special method using multiple loads.The standard traction scheme was designed for 28 days, with a gradual increase in load time and exposure.Classic techniques are used and more modern using simulators.Its effectiveness is almost the same, but the simulators are more comfortable for the patient.
Physiotherapy
The use of various physiotherapy techniques in the early stages of arthrosis allows us to achieve significant relief from pain syndrome and increase mobility in the affected joints.Physiotherapy courses contribute to a slowdown in the pathological process and lengthen the period without exacerbations.
Widely used for arthrosis of the physiotherapy methodology
Magnetotherapy - Local effects by constant or alternating low frequency magnetic field.In the affected articulation area, metabolic processes are accelerated, blood circulation and nutrient delivery to joint structures increase, regeneration processes and synthesis of the substances themselves needed for joint work are activated.Magnetotherapy has anti -altitude, analgesic and anti -inflammatory effects from the first session, which positively affects the patient's overall condition.Magnetotherapy is successfully used in hospitals and sanatoriums, where medical equipment of various modifications is used.A huge advantage for arthrosis patients is the possibility of independent magnetotherapy courses at home, for the purpose and under the control of the assistant doctor.The timely use of portable devices for magnetotherapy allows you to stop developing pain, the beginning of exacerbation or conducts a preventive course - that is, to maintain the good -to -date.A positive moment of magnetotherapy can also be called the beneficial effect of procedures in the status of cardiovascular and nervous systems.Given the fact that most patients with arthrosis are average and advanced people, with an existing set of chronic diseases (arterial hypertension, coronary heart disease, atherosclerosis, etc.), a sedative effect and mild magnetotherapy stabilizer will be very useful.
Ultrasound therapy It is more frequently used in combination with the effects of anti -inflammatory, painkiller and restoration medications (hydrocortisone, chondroitin sulfate, indomethacin, etc.) - ultraphonophoresis or phonophoresis.Ultrasound increases tissue permeability for medications, so its main action is improved.Even without a medicinal component, the method is highly effective for arthrosis: ultrasound has a mechanical effect on tissues (micromasragement), activates local immunological and restoration processes on joint and adjacent muscles, an analgesic and anti -inflammatory effect is expressed.
Laser therapy - One of the most common and widely used procedures.The therapeutic effect is based on the reflex expansion of the blood vessels above the focus of the pathological process.This leads to an improvement in local blood flow, activation of metabolism, removal of underrated metabolism, and decreased pain intensity.Laser therapy due to low depth of penetration has a minimally pronounced systemic effect, while increasing the therapeutic effect of other procedures.
Shockwave therapy - The high exposure energy method.It is based on a piezoelectric effect.The influence of piezoelectric discharge on pathological focus is achieved by various effects.Non -viable cells are destroyed, which leads to the activation of local immunity.Gyberic (inactive) cells are stimulated, which contributes to regeneration processes.At the same time, the intensity of pain syndrome is significantly reduced (although the procedure itself is painful).The undisputed advantage of the method is the use of the method once every 4-7 days.
Diadinamotherapy - The method of therapeutic effect on the body with diabinemic impulse chains.Diadynamic currents used in this method rhythmically excite skin receptors, which indirectly leads to activation of the suppressed pain descendant mechanisms and leads to a decrease in patient pain to full analgesia.Therefore, these procedures are effective for intense pain.
Electromystimulation - Exposure to electric current in muscle tissue.With the arthrosis of large joints, the work of the surrounding muscles is disturbed, this leads to the atrophy of some and the overload of others.March disorders are developing.When exposed to alternating electric current according to a special program, the muscles decrease rhythmically, doing a certain work, which leads to the restoration of their volume and function.
Cryotherapy Unfortunately, a simple and effective treatment method is rarely used.Local effect of low temperature reduces the sensitivity of pain receptors and the synthesis of biologically active substances that stimulate the development of inflammation.After cryotherapy, reflex expansion of blood vessels occurs, local blood flow is accelerated and recovery processes are activated.This method is especially effective in combination with shockwave therapy.
Balneotherapy
Under sanatory and resort conditions, hydrogenation is performed external medical baths, including radonic arthrosis are especially effective for arthrosis.A general effect on the body is performed by radon radon decay products dissolved in water.The most important effect is the activation of metabolic processes.
A similar effect, although less pronounced, is characteristic of therapeutic mud (peloids), hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide.
Surgical treatment
Surgical methods are attended in the late stages of arthrosis, when joint mobility is markedly limited or absent, which affects the patient's quality of life.Worldwide, various joint endoprothetic methods are used, which allow to completely restore the volume of movements and return the patient to active life at any age.
Tactics and surgical intervention volume are determined by the assistant doctor, the choice is based on parameters such as the patient's general condition, age and the presence of concomitant diseases, overweight and others.The best results after endoprostrate were obtained in youth and medium patients (almost complete restoration of movement volume), but the elderly also have a significant improvement in the condition, as after operation and successful recovery, they can be fully in the domestic plan and moving not only within the apartment, but also to leave, not limited to communication.
Prevention
Arthrosis belongs to the board of board diseases and develops mainly as a result of age -related changes in the joints, enhanced by the influence of external negative factors.Attention to the state of the musculoskeletal system, the prevention of joint diseases and the treatment of arthrosis in the early stages allow the maintenance of motor activity and to avoid massive medical intervention in the future.